Half the resolution in each dimension as standard VGA. Ĥ:5 (effectively 4:3 on CRTs various aspects on LCDs) The standard CGA graphics cards were equipped with 16 kB video RAM. Introduced in 1981 by IBM, as the first colour display standard for the IBM PC. Colour modes using NTSC or PAL-compliant televisions, and monochrome, composite video or RGB-component monitors.Ĥ:3 (or 16:5 and 16:10 with square pixels) Used with some smaller, cheaper portable devices, including the Nintendo Game Boy Advance.Ītari ST (etc.) Colour, Broadcast-standardĪtari ST line. ġ0:9 (effectively 4:3 (non-square pixels) on Game Gear) Also appears as a YouTube resolution option ("144p"). Colour depth ranged from 4 colours (2 bpp) with the original Game Boy, through 16–32 colours (4–5 bpp) with the Game Gear, to a maximum of 56 colours (equivalent of 6 bpp) from a wider palette with the Game Boy Color. The nearly-square (but landscape) aspect ratio and coarse pixel resolution gave these games a characteristic visual style. The unusual 5:4 aspect ratio makes the display slightly different from QQVGA dimensions.Ī shared size for older portable video game systems. This LCD is often used in portrait (128×160) orientation. Used on some portable devices, and is a common alternative resolution to QCIF for webcams and other online video streams in low-bandwidth situations, and on video modes of early and later low-end digital cameras.Ī common size for LCDs manufactured for small consumer electronics, basic mobile phones and feature phones, typically in a 1.7" to 1.9" diagonal size. Storage aspect ratio (effectively: Display aspect ratio) Table of computer display standards (by height and width) The curved lines show the thresholds for resolutions with at least 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 million pixels. (From the early 1990s onwards, most manufacturers moved over to PC display standards thanks to widely available and affordable hardware).Ĭomparison of video resolutions. Video standards associated with IBM-PC-descended personal computers are shown in the diagram and table below, alongside those of early Macintosh and other makes for comparison. These are de facto standards, usually originated by one manufacturer and reverse-engineered by others, though the VESA group has co-ordinated the efforts of several leading video display adapter manufacturers. Some of these are now supported by other families of personal computers. Earlier display adapters were simple frame-buffers, but later display standards also specified a more extensive set of display functions and software controlled interface.īeyond display modes, the VESA industry organization has defined several standards related to power management and device identification, while ergonomics standards are set by the TCO.Ī number of common resolutions have been used with computers descended from the original IBM PC. Associated with the screen resolution and refresh rate is a display adapter. They are often a combination of aspect ratio (specified as width-to-height ratio), display resolution (specified as the width and height in pixels), color depth (measured in bits per pixel), and refresh rate (expressed in hertz). Various computer display standards or display modes have been used in the history of the personal computer. Note the DE-9 connector, cryptic mode switch, contrast and brightness controls at front, and the V-Size and V-Hold knobs at rear, which allow the control of the scaling and signal to CRT refresh-rate synchronization respectively. History Front and rear views of the TVM MD-3 CRT monitor (EGA / pre VGA era). These standards encompass various aspects of the display, including resolution, refresh rate, color depth, and connectivity. They are associated with specific expansion cards, video connectors, and monitors. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ĭomputer display standards are a combination of aspect ratio, display size, display resolution, color depth, and refresh rate.
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